The aim of the article is to study the genesis, identify the main tendencies and organizational and pedagogical peculiarities of the pedagogical process of physical education of students in educational institutions of vocational education of Ukraine in 1950-1990 and to find ways of possible revival in the educational sphere of present-day sports and health innovations that were implemented in the process of mastering the values of physical culture, the use of historical and pedagogical experience to create a modern model of compulsory physical education of future skilled workers. This article contains researches on a proved thesis that physical education as a part of educational system results in a formation of physical qualities among students, necessary for successful mastering the future profession and achievement of high professional experience. Article deals with forms and methods of physical education in Ukraine, historical and pedagogical experience of physical training and legal documents and regulations on development of physical education. In the article author used historical and pedagogical experience to create a model of compulsory physical education of future skilled workers based on example of Ukrainian workers in 1950-1990. In the article author used among other methods such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, systematization that contributed to study of historical and educational phenomena, facts, creative works of scientists in the sphere of theory and practice of the vocational schools student’s’ physical education during the investigated period.